Fig. 4

Optimal/maximum binding of MSN: bladder cancer cells were labeled (70 %) prior to injection into mouse and then MRI performed. a A pseudocolor slice of T1-weighted axial MRI data showing definite intensity difference 8 days post-injection between the two subcutaneous injections in the thigh (particle labeled cells in the left flank, L, and non-labeled cells in the right flank, R) as well as the tumor within the bladder (in situ) (T) and bladder wall (W). b The measured MRI values for each region shown. Error bars indicate standard deviation; * asterisk when compared using the two one-sided T-test of equivalence, the intensity of labeled tumor in the left flank and bladder were not equivalent to the non-labeled tumor and bladder wall (p < 0.0001). c A 3-D virtual cystoscopy rendering of the same tumor in (a) with the tumor identified by fuzzy C-means segmentation (red). Unique features: arrows indicate regions where the tumor has invaded the bladder wall, an important pathological milestone