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Fig. 5 | Cancer Nanotechnology

Fig. 5

From: Curcumin-enriched Gemini surfactant nanoparticles exhibited tumoricidal effects on human 3D spheroid HT-29 cells in vitro

Fig. 5

Measuring protein levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 and EMT rate in 3D spheroid HT-29 cells using Western blotting after 48 h (n = 3). Data showed the significant decrease of cell metastasis indicated by the suppression of MMP-2 and -9. The incubation of spheroids with 80 and 300 µM Gemini-Cur NPs decreased EMT rate indicated with reduced Vimentin and increased E-cadherin levels compared to the control group. Protein levels of Vimentin were not significantly altered after being exposed to 80 and 300 µM Gemini-Cur NPs. One-way ANOVA with Tukey post hoc analysis. * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.01

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