Fig. 5
Orthotopic mice treatment TiO2 nanosticks loaded with TMZ. a is the micrograph of xenograft TMZ-resistant GBM model after treatment. The red dotted circle indicates subcutaneous tumor boundaries. (N = 15). b is the tumor volume after treatment and sonication. c Tumor weight and d body weight gain of various treated xenograft mice models. e Vital organ distribution of TMZ after loading on TiO2 nanosticks. f is the experimental layout. g Micrograph of TMZ-resistant GBM orthotopic mice expressing Luc at various time points after treatment with TiO2 nanosticks loaded with TMZ, activated with ultrasound (N = 21). h Relative photon flux representing tumor volumes, and i is the survival of orthotopic mice models after treatment. * is showing P < 0.05, whereas ** is P < 0.01