Fig. 2

GNRs for cancer imaging using various imaging tolls. a Dark-field images on HaCat (normal cells, left one) and HSCC of anti-EGFR antibody-conjugated GNRs (cancer cells, right one). Reprinted with permission from (Huang X, El-Sayed IH, Qian W, El-Sayed MA: cancer cells assemble and align gold nanorods conjugated to antibodies to produce highly enhanced, sharp, and polarized surface Raman spectra: a potential cancer diagnostic marker. Nano Lett 2007, 7:1591–1597.) Copyright 2007 American Chemical Society. b Dark-field illustration of HeLa cells (cancer) following treatment with Tf-conjugated GNRs (A, the GNRs and TEM photos of HeLa cells with Tf-Au NRs coated with multilayer polyelectrolyte lead to the orange/red dispersion (MLPs NRs) (B, the circle points out the GNRs). Reprinted with permission from (Ding H, Yong K-T, Roy I, Pudavar HE, Law WC, Bergey EJ, Prasad PN: Gold Nanorods Coated with Multilayer Polyelectrolyte as Contrast Agents for Multimodal Imaging. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C 2007, 111:12552–12557.) Copyright 2007 American Chemical Society. c Image of transmission with the indication of two ear blood vessels shown by two ears (A, dotted guide contour lines are provided to guide the eye), two-photon luminescence (TPL) image of GNRs (red dots) flowing through the blood vessels (B, autofluorescence from a hair root is the bright signal underneath the lower blood vessel.), transmission image (light blue) and overlay and a single-frame TPL image (C, a line-scan (white) superimposes two single nanorods (red spots)) (Wang et al. 2005b), Copyright (2005) National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A. d X-ray CT value and image of PEG-NRs compared with an iodine standard (A), three-dimensional distribution of PEG-NRs in tumors (arrows) after injection intratumorally in mice carrying bilateral MDA-MB-435 tumors (von Maltzahn et al. 2009; reprinted with permission from American Association for Cancer Research). e NIR transmission images of mice prior to treatment with plasmonic photothermal therapy (PPTT) and strength line NIR extinction scans at tumor sites for the regulation of PBS (green square), intravenous (orange triangle) and direct (red circle) pegylated gold nanorods administration. Reprinted from (Dickerson EB, Dreaden EC, Huang X, El-Sayed IH, Chu H, Pushpanketh S, McDonald JF, El-Sayed MA: Gold nanorod assisted near-infrared plasmonic photothermal therapy (PPTT) of squamous cell carcinoma in mice. Cancer Lett 2008, 269:57–66.), Copyright (2008), with permission from Elsevier