Fig. 3

Characterization of GNP nanocomposites and theranostic nanomedicines. a The schematic presentation of theranostic nanomedicine synthesis. DLS analysis. b DLS analysis of GNP shows particles in size range of 20 to 30 nm, with mean size of 25 nm and c GNP–cys in size range of 20 to 35 nm, with mean size of 30 nm. d DLS analysis of GNP–Cys–Dox shows particles in size range of 200 to 380 nm, with mean size of 238 nm due to aggregating the property of doxorubicin and e GNP theranostic nanomedicine shows particles in the size range of 100 to 150 nm, with mean size of 98 nm. TEM analysis. f TEM micrograph of GNP shows spherical particles of size below 20 nm with mean size of 13 nm, monodisperse with uniform size range. g GNP–Cys micrograph shows uniform, monodispersed, stable, and spherical nanoparticles of mean size 14 nm. h TEM micrographs of GNP–Cys–Dox show nanocomposites of mean size of 45 nm with SAED pattern, and the micrograph of theranostic nanomedicines shows mean size of 68 nm with its SAED pattern (i)