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Table 1 Studies on targeted therapy for lung cancer

From: Nanoparticles advanced from preclinical studies to clinical trials for lung cancer therapy

Target

Effects on the organism

Drugs

Limitations

References

EGFR

A key factor in cell proliferation, differentiation, division, survival, and cancer development

I: Gefitinib,Erlotinib,Icotinib

Produce limitations, and the third-generation drug Osimertinib has severe toxicity

(Ye et al. 2021)

II: Afatinib,Dacomitinib

III: Osimertinib

ALK

Control of cell cycle cell growth cell differentiation and anti-apoptosis

I: Crizotinib

Develops drug resistance, relapses after 9 months, and leads to liver failure

(Rodak et al. 2021)

II: Ceritinib, Alectinib, Brigatinib

ALK point mutations lead to drug resistance

III: Lorlatinib

Significant side effects, 80% produce hypercholesterolemia

ROS1

Regulation of cell growth and differentiation

Crizotinib Entretinib, lorlatinib

Low efficacy and high side effects, including neurological and cardiovascular disease

(Patil et al. 2018)

MET

MET proliferation, mutation, and fusion are associated with related tumorigenesis

Capmatinib, Tepotinib

Low response to treatment and mutations leading to drug resistance

(Mitiushkina et al. 2019)

RET

Mutations cause NSCLC to develop

Cabozantinib, vandetanib, sunitinib

Low response rate and low survival

(Rodak et al. 2021)

NTRK1

Regulation of cell growth and differentiation

Entretinib larotrectinib

Low response rate, no data on drug resistance yet

(Imyanitov et al. 2021)