Fig. 10
From: Nanobio applications of quantum dots in cancer: imaging, sensing, and targeting
FRET mechanism. a Energy diagram for the non-radiative energy transfer. S0(D) and S1(D) are the ground and first excited singlet states of the donor; kD and kD/A are the rate constants for the radiative and non-radiative energy transfer processes, respectively. Solid lines depict photon-participated transitions; dashed lines depict resonant transitions in the electronic structures of the donor and acceptor. b Further utility of QDs have been found in labeling of nucleus in live cells, however, this issue has not been not fully studied. (Geissbuhler 2005; Drbohlavova et al. 2009)