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Fig. 3 | Cancer Nanotechnology

Fig. 3

From: Ultrasound-activated nano-TiO2 loaded with temozolomide paves the way for resection of chemoresistant glioblastoma multiforme

Fig. 3

Oxidative stress generated by TiO2 nanosticks loaded with TMZ on TMZ-resistant GBM. a DCFDA (2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein diacetate) treated TMZ-resistant cells confocal micrograph after ultrasonication. Herein green color indicates the ROS generated, and the cell nucleus is stained with DAPI. b Quantitative data of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated after treatment with TiO2 nanosticks loaded with TMZ. * indicates the significant difference (P < 0.05) between TiO2–TMZ sonicated and non-sonicated cells ROS level. c Flow cytometry data of ROS generated by the TiO2–TMZ treatment after sonication. d TMZ-resistant GBM cells’ SOD (superoxide dismutase) enzyme activity after treatment with TiO2 nanosticks loaded with TMZ, post-sonication. The * and ** are the probability value < 0.05 and 0.01, respectively. (N = 3)

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Cancer Nanotechnology

ISSN: 1868-6966

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