Targeted therapy for HCC using dumbbell-like nanoparticles conjugated to monoclonal antibodies against VEGF and cancer stem cell receptors in mice

Table 1 Mean significance ± SE values of serum levels of AFP, caspases-3, VEGF-A, ALT and AST levels in sera of different groups after first month of treatment

Animal groups (first month)	AFP ng/ml	ALT IU/ml	AST IU/ml	Caspases -3 ng/ml	VEGF-A pg/ml
Normal control	11.06 ± 0.12	99.04 ± 0.79	49.89 ± 2.44	3.37 ± 0.10	125 ± 0.19
Pathological control	55.14 ± 0.16^b	306.8 ± 4.147^b	131.1 ± 2.8^a	4.94 ± 0.06^a	249.9 ± 0.18^b
mAbs-conjugated nanoparticles	22.09 ± 0.12^c	130.6 ± 0.53^d	61.17 ± 2.31^c	32.11 ± 0.09^d	140 ± 0.12^c
Avastin	37.67 ± 0.21^e	201.3 ± 0.51^e	86.07 ± 1.49^e	20.63 ± 0.23^e	179.9 ± 0.15^e
Nanoparticles	51.09 ± 0.15	279.6 ± 0.95	121.1 ± 1.93	5.45 ± 0.11	220.2 ± 0.14

^aSignificant and ^bhigh significant increase between pathological # normal groups (P < 0.5 and P < 0.1, respectively)
^cSignificant and ^dhighly significant difference between nanoparticles conjugated # pathological control groups (P < 0.5 and P < 0.1, respectively)
^eSignificant and ^fhighly significant difference between Avastin and pathological control groups (P < 0.5& P < 0.1, respectively)
^gSignificant in the mean values of different markers between first and second months

ISSN: 1868-6966