Fig. 2

The photothermal performance of Ti₃C₂/Apt-M nanosheets. a Mass extinction coefficient of Ti₃C₂/Apt-M nanosheets at 808 nm (inset shows UV–vis spectra of Ti₃C₂/Apt-M nanosheets at different concentrations). b Photothermal performance of Ti₃C₂/Apt-M nanosheets dispersed in aqueous solution under 808 nm laser irradiation. c Calculation of time constant and photothermal-conversion efficiency of Ti₃C₂/Apt-M nanosheets at 808 nm laser irradiation. d Infrared thermal images and e temperature changes of Ti₃C₂/Apt-M nanosheet aqueous solutions with different concentrations (20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 µg mL⁻¹) under 808 nm laser irradiation. f Temperature curve of Ti₃C₂/Apt-M nanosheet aqueous solution under five 808 nm laser on/off cycles