Table 4 Plant-derived EVs in tumor
From: Emerging applications of extracellular vesicles in tumor therapy
Source | Therapeutic agent | Targeting tumors/cells | Research models | Tumor cell lines | Outcomes | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Citrus fruit | – | CML | In vivo/in vitro | LAMA84 | Inhibited angiogenesis and TRAIL-mediated apoptosis and showed strong inhibitory effects in CML | Raimondo et al. (2015) |
Lemon | – | Gastric cancer | In vitro | AGS, BGC-823, and SGC-7901 | Elevated levels of le GADD45a lead to tumor cell cycle S-phase arrest and apoptosis, thereby inhibiting tumor progression | Yang et al. (2020) |
Apple | – | Colorectal adenocarcinoma | In vitro | Caco-2 | Altered function of intestinal transporter proteins | Fujita et al. (2018) |
HR obtained by Salvia dominica | – | Pancreatic Cancer and breast cancer | In vitro | MIA PaCa-2 and MCF-7 | Promoted apoptosis of cancer cells | Boccia et al. (2022) |
Cannabidiol | – | Hepatocellular carcinoma | In vitro | HepG2 and Huh-7 | Induced G0/G1 phase arrest in the cell cycle of cancer cells and induced cancer cell death by activating the mitochondria-dependent apoptotic signaling pathway | Tajik et al. (2022) |
Dendropanax morbifera, Pinus densiflora | – | Breast cancer and skin tumor | In vitro | A431, MCF7, and MDA-MB-231 | Promoted cytotoxicity | Kim et al. (2020) |
Tea leaves | – | Breast cancer | In vitro | MCF7 and 4T1 | Increased ROS levels in breast cancer cell lines triggered mitochondrial damage in tumor cells and blocked the cell cycle, leading to apoptosis and thus retarding tumor growth | Chen et al. (2023) |
Ginseng | – | Melanoma | In vivo/in vitro | B16F10 | Altered TLR4 and MyD88 signaling thereby altering M2 macrophage polarization, inhibiting melanoma growth | Cao et al. (2019) |
Grapefruit | BSA and HSP70 | Colon cancer | In vitro | HCT116 and DLD1 | Improved uptake of exogenous proteins by human cells | Garaeva et al. (2021) |
Ginger | FA and surviving protein siRNAs | KB cell derived xenograft models | In vivo/in vitro | KB | Expanded the drug activity of siRNA and inhibited tumor growth | Li et al. (2018) |
Ginger | FA and DOX | IBD and CAC | In vivo/in vitro | HT-29, Caco2-BBE, and colon 26 cells | Expanded the drug activity of chemotherapeutic drugs and enhanced tumor suppression | Zhang et al. (2016b) |