Fig. 5

In a Levels of MDA content (nmol/mg protein) in cell-free co-culture medium of MCF-7 and macrophages; In b Levels of protein carbonyl content (nmol/mg protein) in cell-free co-culture medium of MCF-7 and macrophages. In c Levels of lipid peroxidation (µmol/L) in cell-free co-culture medium of MCF-7 and macrophages. In d Levels of MDA content (nmol/mg protein) in cell-free co-culture medium of MDA-MB-231 and macrophages; In e Levels of protein carbonyl content (nmol/mg protein) in cell-free co-culture medium of MDA-MB-231 and macrophages; In f Levels of lipid peroxidation (µmol/L) in cell-free co-culture medium of MDA-MB-231 and macrophages. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation and are representative of three independent experiments. Statistical analysis was performed using paired t-test. (*) p < 0.05 compared to the unstimulated macrophage. (*) p < 0.05 compared to the unstimulated tumor cells. (Bar) p < 0.05 between co-cultures containing tumor cells and exposed and non-exposed macrophages to NPs, p-value indicated in the graph. NPs = Pani/γ-Fe₂O₃; MØ = macrophages