Fig. 5

MSN-ART and MSN-ART-FA enhanced ART-induced ferroptosis in HepG2 cells. A Cell viability of HepG2 cells exposed to saline, MSN, ART, MSN-ART or MSN-ART-FA for 24 h. (n = 5 per group, *P < 0.05, ***P < 0.001). B Fluorescence images (Scale bar: 50 μm) and C fluorescence signal intensity of ROS in HepG2 cells exposed to exposed to saline, ART, MSN-ART or MSN-ART-FA for 24 h. D ROS level of HepG2 cells exposed to saline, ART, MSN-ART or MSN-ART-FA for 24 h. (n = 3 per group, *P < 0.05). E Iron content, F MDA content and G GSH content in HepG2 cells exposed to saline, ART, MSN-ART or MSN-ART-FA for 24 h. (n = 3 per group, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01). H Representative immunoblots and I graphic representation of relative expression of TFRC, SLC7A11, GPX4, FTH1 and Tubulin in HepG2 cells exposed to saline, ART, MSN-ART or MSN-ART-FA for 24 h. (n = 3 per group, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 compared to control, #P < 0.05 compared to ART). Bars indicate mean ± SEM