Fig. 2

Nano-ICG for targeted diagnosis and localization. A Schematic illustration of the RGD-modified ICG micelles for monitoring gastric cancer (Newton et al. 2021). Copyright 2020, Frontiers. B The in vivo and ex vivo of mice bearing subcutaneous tumours acquired 72 h after injection (Ren et al. 2021). Copyright 2015, John Wiley and Sons. C Illustration of the ICNPs for targeting tumour cells, dual-modal imaging, and photothermal therapy. Preparation procedure and schematic of ICNPs realizing tumour accumulation, dual-modal imaging, and effective photothermal therapy after intravenous injection (Kolitz-Domb et al. 2014). Copyright 2016, American Chemical Society. D In vivo multimodality imaging. Photoacoustic, T2-weighted MRI, and fluorescence images of U87MG tumour-bearing mice after RMDI and MDI injection (Boonstra et al. 2015). Copyright 2021, American Chemical Society